Data Sheet GE TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Features ▪ Compliant to RoHS EU Directive 2011/65/EU (Z versions) ▪ Compliant to RoHS EU Directive 2011/65/EU under exemption 7b (Lead solder exemption). Exemption 7b will expire after June 1, 2016 at which time this produc twill no longer be RoHS compliant (non-Z versions) ▪ Compliant to IPC-9592 (September 2008), Category 2, Class II ▪ Compatible in a Pb-free or SnPb reflow environment (Z versions) ▪ Wide Input voltage range (4.5Vdc-14.4Vdc) ▪ Output voltage programmable from 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc via external resistor. TM ▪ Tunable Loop to optimize dynamic output voltage response. ▪ Power Good signal. ▪ Fixed switching frequency with capability of external synchronization. ▪ Output overcurrent protection (non-latching). ▪ Over temperature protection. RoHS Compliant ▪ Remote On/Off. Applications ▪ Ability to sink and source current. • Industrial equipment ▪ Cost efficient open frame design. • Distributed power architectures ▪ Small size: 33.02 mm x 13.46 mm x 10.9 mm • Intermediate bus voltage applications (1.3 in x 0.53 in x 0.429 in) • Telecommunications equipment ▪ Wide operating temperature range [-40°C to 105°C (Ruggedized : -D), 85°C(Regular). • Servers and storage applications ▪ Ruggedized (-D) version able to withstand high levels of shock • Networking equipment and vibration Vin+ Vout+ nd † ▪ UL* 60950-1 2 Ed. Recognized, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1- VIN VOUT VS+ ‡ nd 07 Certified, and VDE (EN60950-1 2 Ed.) Licensed PGOOD RTUNE MODULE ▪ ISO** 9001 and ISO 14001 certified manufacturing facilities SEQ CTUNE SHARE Cin TRIM Co RTrim ON/OFF SIG_GND SYNC GND VS- GND Description TM The 40A Analog MegaDLynx power modules are non-isolated dc-dc converters that can deliver up to 40A of output current. These modules operate over a wide range of input voltage (VIN = 4.5Vdc-14.4Vdc) and provide a precisely regulated output voltage from 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc, programmable via an external resistor. Features include remote On/Off, adjustable output voltage, over current and TM overtemperature protection. The module also includes the Tunable Loop feature that allows the user to optimize the dynamic response of the converter to match the load with reduced amount of output capacitance leading to savings on cost and PWB area. * UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. † CSA is a registered trademark of Canadian Standards Association. ‡ VDE is a trademark of Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V. ** ISO is a registered trademark of the International Organization of Standards September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are absolute stress ratings only, functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operations sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect the device reliability. Parameter Device Symbol Min Max Unit Input Voltage All V -0.3 15 V IN Continuous Operating Ambient Temperature All TA -40 105 °C (see Thermal Considerations section) Storage Temperature All T -55 125 °C stg Electrical Specifications Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Operating Input Voltage All VIN 4.5  14.4 Vdc Maximum Input Current All I 24 Adc IN,max (VIN=4.5V to 14V, IO=IO, max ) V = 0.6 Vdc I 54.7 mA O,set IN,No load Input No Load Current (VIN = 12Vdc, IO = 0, module enabled) V = 2Vdc I 104 mA O,set IN,No load Input Stand-by Current All IIN,stand-by 12.5 mA (VIN = 12Vdc, module disabled) 2 2 Inrush Transient All I t 1 A s Input Reflected Ripple Current, peak-to-peak (5Hz to 20MHz, 1μH source impedance; V =0 to 14V I = I ; All 90 mAp-p IN , O Omax See Test Configurations) Input Ripple Rejection (120Hz) All -60 dB September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 2 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Output Voltage Set-point (with 0.1% tolerance for external All V -1.0 +1.0 % V O, set O, set resistor used to set output voltage) Output Voltage (Over all operating input voltage, resistive load, All VO, set -3.0  +3.0 % VO, set and temperature conditions until end of life) Adjustment Range (selected by an external resistor) (Some output voltages may not be possible depending on the All VO 0.6 2.0 Vdc input voltage – see Feature Descriptions Section) Remote Sense Range All 0.5 Vdc Output Regulation Line (VIN=VIN, min to VIN, max) All  6 mV Load (IO=IO, min to IO, max) All  10 mV Temperature (T =T to T ) All 0.4 % V ref A, min A, max O, set Output Ripple and Noise on nominal output (VIN=VIN, nom and IO=IO, min to IO, max Co = 0.1μF // 22 μF ceramic capacitors) Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) All  50 100 mVpk-pk RMS (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) All 20 38 mVrms 1 External Capacitance TM Without the Tunable Loop ESR ≥ 1 mΩ All C 6x47  6x47 μF O, max TM With the Tunable Loop ESR ≥ 0.15 mΩ All CO, max 6x47  7000 μF ESR ≥ 10 mΩ All C 6x47 8500 μF O, max  Output Current (in either sink or source mode) All I 0 40 Adc o Output Current Limit Inception (Hiccup Mode) All I 150 % I O, lim o,max (current limit does not operate in sink mode) Output Short-Circuit Current All IO, s/c 2.1 Arms (VO≤250mV) ( Hiccup Mode ) Efficiency VO,set = 0.6Vdc η 78.0 81.3 % V = 12Vdc, T =25°C V = 1.2Vdc η 84.0 88.5 % IN A O, set I =I V = V V = 1.8Vdc η 85.25 91.5 % O O, max , O O,set O,set Switching Frequency All f 380 400 420 kHz sw Frequency Synchronization All Synchronization Frequency Range All 350 480 kHz High-Level Input Voltage All VIH 2.0 V Low-Level Input Voltage All VIL 0.4 V Input Current, SYNC All ISYNC 100 nA Minimum Pulse Width, SYNC All tSYNC 100 ns Maximum SYNC rise time All tSYNC_SH 100 ns 1 TM External capacitors may require using the new Tunable Loop feature to ensure that the module is stable as well as getting the best transient response. See TM the Tunable Loop section for details. September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 3 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current General Specifications Parameter Device Min Typ Max Unit Calculated MTBF (IO=0.8IO, max, TA=40°C) Telecordia Issue 2 Method All 6,498,438 Hours 1 Case 3 Weight  11.7 (0.41)  g (oz.) Feature Specifications Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. See Feature Descriptions for additional information. Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit On/Off Signal Interface (V =V to V ; open collector or equivalent, IN IN, min IN, max Signal referenced to GND) Device is with suffix “4” – Positive Logic (See Ordering Information) Logic High (Module ON) Input High Current All IIH 10 µA  Input High Voltage All VIH 3.5  VIN,max V Logic Low (Module OFF) Input Low Current All IIL 1 mA   Input Low Voltage All VIL -0.3  0.4 V Device Code with no suffix – Negative Logic (See Ordering Information) (On/OFF pin is open collector/drain logic input with external pull-up resistor; signal referenced to GND) Logic High (Module OFF) Input High Current All IIH ― ― 1 mA Input High Voltage All VIH 2 ― VIN, max Vdc Logic Low (Module ON) Input low Current All IIL ― ― 10 μA Input Low Voltage All VIL -0.2 ― 0.4 Vdc Turn-On Delay and Rise Times (V =V , I =I V to within ±1% of steady state) IN IN, nom O O, max , O Case 1: On/Off input is enabled and then input power is applied (delay from instant at which V = V until Vo = All Tdelay 1.0 1.1 1.7 msec IN IN, min 10% of Vo, set) Case 2: Input power is applied for at least one second and then the On/Off input is enabled (delay from instant at All Tdelay 600 700 1800 μsec which Von/Off is enabled until Vo = 10% of Vo, set) Output voltage Rise time (time for Vo to rise from All Trise 1.2 1.5 2.2 msec 10% of Vo, set to 90% of Vo, set) o Output voltage overshoot (T = 25 C A V = V to V ,I = I to I ) 0 1.5 3.0 % V IN IN, min IN, max O O, min O, max O, set With or without maximum external capacitance September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 4 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Feature Specifications (Continued) Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Units Over Temperature Protection All Tref 123 130 137 °C (See Thermal Considerations section) Tracking Accuracy (Power-Up: 0.5V/ms) All VSEQ –Vo 100 mV (Power-Down: 0.5V/ms) All VSEQ –Vo 100 mV (VIN, min to VIN, max; IO, min to IO, max VSEQ < Vo) Input Undervoltage Lockout Turn-on Threshold All 4.144 4.25 4.407 Vdc Turn-off Threshold All 3.947 3.98 4.163 Vdc Hysteresis All 0.25 0.3 0.35 Vdc PGOOD (Power Good) Signal Interface Open Drain, V  5VDC supply Overvoltage threshold for PGOOD ON All 103 108 113 %VO, set Overvoltage threshold for PGOOD OFF All 105 110 115 %V O, set Undervoltage threshold for PGOOD ON All 87 92 97 %V O, set Undervoltage threshold for PGOOD OFF All 85 90 95 %VO, set Pulldown resistance of PGOOD pin All 50  Sink current capability into PGOOD pin All 5 mA September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 5 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Characteristic Curves TM o The following figures provide typical characteristics for the 40A Analog MegaDLynx at 0.6Vo and 25 C. 90 45 40 85 Vin=4.5V NC 35 0.5m/s (100LFM) 80 30 1m/s Vin=12V (200LFM) 1.5m/s 25 (300LFM) Vin=14V 75 Standard Part (85 C) 20 2m/s (400LFM) Ruggedized (D) Part (105 C) 70 15 0 10 20 30 40 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 O OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, T C O A Figure 2. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 1. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1s/div) TIME, t (20s /div) Figure 4. Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from Figure 3. Typical output ripple and noise (C =6x47uF O 50% to 100% at 12Vin, Cout= 12x680uF+6x47uF, CTune=47nF, ceramic, VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max, ). RTune=180 ohms TIME, t (1ms/div) TIME, t (1ms/div) Figure 6. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Figure 5. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max). Io,max). September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE VO (V) (200mV/div) VON/OFF (V) (5V/div) VO (V) (10mV/div) EFFICIENCY,  (%) OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (200mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) I (A) (20A/div) V (V) (20mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O IN O O GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Characteristic Curves TM o The following figures provide typical characteristics for the 40A Analog MegaDLynx at 1.2Vo and 25 C. 95 45 40 90 35 NC 0.5m/s Vin=4.5V 85 30 (100LFM) Vin=12V 1m/s Vin=14.4V (200LFM) 25 80 1.5m/s Standard Part (300LFM) 20 (85 C) 75 Ruggedized (D) 2m/s 15 Part (105 C) (400LFM) 10 70 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 0 10 20 30 40 O OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C Figure 8. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Temperature Figure 7. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. and Airflow. TIME, t (1s/div) TIME, t (20s /div) Figure 10. Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from Figure 9. Typical output ripple and noise (C = 6x47uF O 50% to 100% at 12Vin, Cout= 6x330uF, CTune=12nF & RTune= ceramic, VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max, ). 200 ohms TIME, t (1ms/div) TIME, t (1ms/div) Figure 12. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Figure 11. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max). Io,max). September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 7 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE EFFICIENCY,  (%) V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) V (V) (10mV/div) O ON/OFF O OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (500mV/div) Vin (V) (5V/div) I (A) (20A/div) V (V) (20mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O O GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Characteristic Curves TM o The following figures provide typical characteristics for the 40A Analog MegaDLynx at 1.8Vo and 25 C. 100 45 Vin=12V 40 95 35 NC 90 30 0.5m/s 1m/s (100LFM) Vin=4.5V 85 Vin=14.4V (200LFM) 25 1.5m/s 20 80 2m/s Standard Part (400LFM) 15 (85 C) 75 Ruggedized (D) 10 Part (105 C) 70 5 0 10 20 30 40 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 O OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, T C O A Figure 14. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 13. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1s/div) TIME, t (20s /div) Figure 16. Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from Figure 15. Typical output ripple and noise (C =6x47uF O 50% to 100% at 12Vin, Cout=6X330uF, CTune=5.6nF & ceramic, VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max, ). RTune=220 ohms TIME, t (1ms/div) TIME, t (1ms/div) Figure 17. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Figure 18. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max). Io,max). September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE EFFICIENCY,  (%) V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) V (V) (20mV/div) O ON/OFF O OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) I (A) (20A/div) V (V) (20mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O IN O O GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Design Considerations 40 6x47uF Ext Cap 8x47uF Ext Cap Input Filtering 30 10x47uF Ext Cap TM The 40A Analog MegaDLynx module should be connected to a low ac-impedance source. A highly 20 inductive source can affect the stability of the module. An input capacitance must be placed directly adjacent to the 10 input pin of the module, to minimize input ripple voltage and ensure module stability. To minimize input voltage ripple, ceramic capacitors are 0 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 recommended at the input of the module. Figure 19 shows the input ripple voltage for various output voltages at 40A Output Voltage(Volts) of load current with 4x22 µF, 6x22µF or 8x22uF ceramic capacitors and an input of 12V. Figure 20. Output ripple voltage for various output voltages with external 6x47 µF, 8x47 µF or 10x47 µF 400 ceramic capacitors at the output (40A load). Input voltage 4x22uF Ext Cap is 12V. Scope Bandwidth limited to 20MHz 350 6x22uF Ext Cap 8x22uF Ext Cap Safety Considerations 300 For safety agency approval the power module must be 250 installed in compliance with the spacing and separation 200 requirements of the end-use safety agency standards, i.e., UL 60950-1 2nd, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1-07, DIN EN 60950- 150 1:2006 + A11 (VDE0805 Teil 1 + A11):2009-11; EN 60950- 100 1:2006 + A11:2009-03. 50 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 For the converter output to be considered meeting the Output Voltage (Volts) requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV requirements. The power module has Figure 19. Input ripple voltage for various output extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. voltages with various external ceramic capacitors at the input (40A load). Input voltage is 12V. Scope The input to these units is to be provided with a fast-acting Bandwidth limited to 20MHz fuse with a maximum rating of 30A, 100V (for example, Littlefuse 456 series) in the positive input lead. Output Filtering These modules are designed for low output ripple voltage and will meet the maximum output ripple specification with 0.1 µF ceramic and 47 µF ceramic capacitors at the output of the module. However, additional output filtering may be required by the system designer for a number of reasons. First, there may be a need to further reduce the output ripple and noise of the module. Second, the dynamic response characteristics may need to be customized to a particular load step change. To reduce the output ripple and improve the dynamic response to a step load change, additional capacitance at the output can be used. Low ESR polymer and ceramic capacitors are recommended to improve the dynamic response of the module. Figure 20 provides output ripple information for different external capacitance values at various Vo and a full load current of 40A. For stable operation of the module, limit the capacitance to less than the maximum output capacitance as specified in the electrical specification table. Optimal performance of the TM module can be achieved by using the Tunable Loop feature described later in this data sheet. September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 9 Ripple Voltage (mVpk-pk) Ripple (mVp-p) GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Monotonic Start-up and Shutdown Analog Feature Descriptions The module has monotonic start-up and shutdown behavior Remote On/Off for any combination of rated input voltage, output current TM The 40A Analog MegaDLynx power modules feature an and operating temperature range. On/Off pin for remote On/Off operation. Two On/Off logic Startup into Pre-biased Output options are available. In the Positive Logic On/Off option, (device code suffix “4” – see Ordering Information), the The module can start into a prebiased output as long as the module turns ON during a logic High on the On/Off pin and prebias voltage is 0.5V less than the set output voltage. turns OFF during a logic Low. With the Negative Logic On/Off option, (no device code suffix, see Ordering Information), the Analog Output Voltage Programming module turns OFF during logic High and ON during logic Low. The output voltage of the module is programmable to any The On/Off signal should be always referenced to ground. For voltage from 0.6dc to 2.0Vdc by connecting a resistor either On/Off logic option, leaving the On/Off pin between the Trim and SIG_GND pins of the module. Certain disconnected will turn the module ON when input voltage is restrictions apply on the output voltage set point depending present. on the input voltage. These are shown in the Output Voltage For positive logic modules, the circuit configuration for using vs. Input Voltage Set Point Area plot in Fig. 23. The Upper the On/Off pin is shown in Figure 21. Limit curve shows that for output voltages lower than 0.8V, the input voltage must be lower than the maximum of For negative logic On/Off modules, the circuit configuration is 14.4V. The Lower Limit curve shows that for output voltages shown in Fig. 22.. higher than 0.6V, the input voltage needs to be larger than the minimum of 4.5V. MODULE VIN+ PWM Enable Rpullup Internal I CR1 ON/OFF Pullup + 470 10K V ON/OFF ON/OFF Q1 10K GND _ Figure 21. Circuit configuration for using positive On/Off logic. Figure 23. Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage Set Point Area plot showing limits where the output voltage can be set for different input voltages. MODULE V (+) V (+) IN O PWM Enable VIN+ VS+ ON/OFF LOAD TRIM Rpullup Internal R trim Pullup I ON/OFF 470 10K SIG_GND ON/OFF Q3 + 22K VS─ V ON/OFF Q1 22K 10K Caution – Do not connect SIG_GND to GND elsewhere in the GND _ layout Figure 24. Circuit configuration for programming output Figure 22. Circuit configuration for using negative On/Off voltage using an external resistor. logic. Without an external resistor between Trim and SIG_GND pins, the output of the module will be 0.6Vdc.To calculate the value of the trim resistor, Rtrim for a desired output voltage, should be as per the following equation: September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 10 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current output voltage sequencing in their applications. This is  12  Rtr im  k   accomplished via an additional sequencing pin. When not  Vo 0.6   using the sequencing feature, leave it unconnected. Rtrim is the external resistor in kΩ The voltage applied to the SEQ pin should be scaled down by the same ratio as used to scale the output voltage down Vo is the desired output voltage. to the reference voltage of the module. This is accomplished Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some common by an external resistive divider connected across the output voltages. sequencing voltage before it is fed to the SEQ pin as shown in Fig. 26. In addition, a small capacitor (suggested value Table 1 100pF) should be connected across the lower resistor R1. VO, set (V) Rtrim (KΩ) For all DLynx modules, the minimum recommended delay 0.6 Open between the ON/OFF signal and the sequencing signal is 0.9 40 10ms to ensure that the module output is ramped up 1.0 30 according to the sequencing signal. This ensures that the 1.2 20 module soft-start routine is completed before the sequencing signal is allowed to ramp up. 1.5 13.33 1.8 10 DLynx Module Remote Sense V SEQ The power module has a Remote Sense feature to minimize the effects of distribution losses by regulating the voltage 20K between the sense pins (VS+ and VS-). The voltage drop between the sense pins and the VOUT and GND pins of the SEQ module should not exceed 0.5V. R1=Rtrim Analog Voltage Margining SIG_GND Output voltage margining can be implemented in the 100 pF module by connecting a resistor, R , from the Trim pin margin-up to the ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and Figure 26. Circuit showing connection of the sequencing by connecting a resistor, R , from the Trim pin to margin-down signal to the SEQ pin. output pin for margining-down. Figure 25 shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. The POL When the scaled down sequencing voltage is applied to the Programming Tool, available at www.GEpower.com under SEQ pin, the output voltage tracks this voltage until the the Downloads section, also calculates the values of Rmargin- output reaches the set-point voltage. The final value of the and R for a specific output voltage and % up margin-down sequencing voltage must be set higher than the set-point margin. Please consult your local GE technical voltage of the module. The output voltage follows the representative for additional details. sequencing voltage on a one-to-one basis. By connecting multiple modules together, multiple modules can track their Vo output voltages to the voltage applied on the SEQ pin. Rmargin-down The module’s output can track the SEQ pin signal with MODULE slopes of up to 0.5V/msec during power-up or power-down. To initiate simultaneous shutdown of the modules, the SEQ Q2 pin voltage is lowered in a controlled manner. The output Trim voltage of the modules tracks the voltages below their set- point voltages on a one-to-one basis. A valid input voltage Rmargin-up must be maintained until the tracking and output voltages Rtrim reach ground potential. Overcurrent Protection Q1 To provide protection in a fault (output overload) condition, SIG_GND the unit is equipped with internal current-limiting circuitry and can endure current limiting continuously. At the point of current-limit inception, the unit enters hiccup mode. The unit Figure 25. Circuit Configuration for margining Output operates normally once the output current is brought back into its specified range. voltage. Overtemperature Protection Output Voltage Sequencing To provide protection in a fault condition, the unit is The power module includes a sequencing feature, EZ- SEQUENCE that enables users to implement various types of equipped with a thermal shutdown circuit. The unit will shut September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 11 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current down if the overtemperature threshold of 145°C (typ) is meet the required transient specification. For providing exceeded at the thermal reference point Tref .Once the unit better noise immunity, we recommend that RTUNE value goes into thermal shutdown it will then wait to cool before to be greater than 300Ω. attempting to restart. Some special considerations apply for design of converters in parallel operation: Input Undervoltage Lockout • When sizing the number of modules required for At input voltages below the input undervoltage lockout limit, parallel operation, take note of the fact that current the module operation is disabled. The module will begin to sharing has some tolerance. In addition, under operate at an input voltage above the undervoltage lockout transient conditions such as a dynamic load change turn-on threshold. and during startup, all converter output currents will Synchronization not be equal. To allow for such variation and avoid the likelihood of a converter shutting off due to a current The module switching frequency can be synchronized to a overload, the total capacity of the paralleled system signal with an external frequency within a specified range. should be no more than 90% of the sum of the Synchronization can be done by using the external signal individual converters. As an example, for a system of applied to the SYNC pin of the module as shown in Fig. 27, TM four MegaDLynx converters in parallel, the total with the converter being synchronized by the rising edge of current drawn should be less that 90% of (3 x 40A), i.e. the external signal. The Electrical Specifications table less than 108 A. specifies the requirements of the external SYNC signal. If the • All modules should be turned ON and OFF together. This SYNC pin is not used, the module should free run at the is so that all modules come up at the same time default switching frequency. If synchronization is not being avoiding the problem of one converter sourcing current used, connect the SYNC pin to GND. into the other leading to an overcurrent trip condition. To ensure that all modules come up simultaneously, the MODULE on/off pins of all paralleled converters should be tied together and the converters enabled and disabled SYNC using the on/off pin. Note that this means that converters in parallel cannot be digitally turned ON as + that does not ensure that all modules being paralleled ─ turn on at the same time. GND • If digital trimming is used to adjust the overall output voltage, the adjustments need to be made in a series of small steps to avoid shutting down the output. Each Figure 27. External source connections to synchronize step should be no more than 20mV for each module. switching frequency of the module. For example, to adjust the overall output voltage in a setup with two modules (A and B) in parallel from 1V to 1.1V, module A would be adjusted from 1.0 to 1.02V Active Load Sharing (-P Option) followed by module B from 1.0 to 1.02V, then each TM module in sequence from 1.02 to 1.04V and so on until For additional power requirements, the Mega DLynx the final output voltage of 1.1V is reached. power module is also equipped with paralleling capability. Up to five modules can be configured in parallel, with active • If the Sequencing function is being used to start-up and load sharing. shut down modules and the module is being held to 0V by the tracking signal then there may be small To implement paralleling, the following conditions must be deviations on the module output. This is due to satisfied. controller duty cycle limitations encountered in trying • All modules connected in parallel must be frequency to hold the voltage down near 0V. synchronized where they are switching at the same • The share bus is not designed for redundant operation frequency. This is done by using the SYNC function of and the system will be non-functional upon failure of the module and connecting to an external frequency one of the units when multiple units are in parallel. In source. Modules can be interleaved to reduce input particular, if one of the converters shuts down during ripple/filtering requirements. operation, the other converters may also shut down due to their outputs hitting current limit. In such a • The share pins of all units in parallel must be connected situation, unless a coordinated restart is ensured, the together. The path of these connections should be as system may never properly restart since different direct as possible. converters will try to restart at different times causing • The remote sense connections to all modules should be an overload condition and subsequent shutdown. This made that to the same points for the output, i.e. all VS+ situation can be avoided by having an external output and VS- terminals for all modules are connected to the voltage monitor circuit that detects a shutdown power bus at the same points. condition and forces all converters to shut down and restart together. • For converters operating in parallel, tunable loop components “R ” and “C ” must be selected to TUNE TUNE September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 12 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current When not using the active load share feature, share pins should be left unconnected. September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 13 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current the recommended values of R and C for different Power Good TUNE TUNE values of ceramic output capacitors up to 1000uF that The module provides a Power Good (PGOOD) signal that is might be needed for an application to meet output ripple implemented with an open-drain output to indicate that the and noise requirements. Selecting RTUNE and CTUNE according output voltage is within the regulation limits of the power to Table 2 will ensure stable operation of the module. module. The PGOOD signal will be de-asserted to a low state In applications with tight output voltage limits in the if any condition such as over-temperature, overcurrent or presence of dynamic current loading, additional output loss of regulation occurs that would result in the output capacitance will be required. Table 3 lists recommended voltage going outside the specified thresholds. values of R and C in order to meet 2% output TUNE TUNE The default value of PGOOD ON thresholds are set at ±8% of voltage deviation limits for some common output voltages the nominal Vset value, and PGOOD OFF thresholds are set in the presence of a 20A to 40A step change (50% of full at ±10% of the nominal Vset. For example, if the nominal load), with an input voltage of 12V. voltage (Vset) is set at 1.0V, then the PGOOD ON thresholds will be active anytime the output voltage is between 0.92V Please contact your GE technical representative to obtain and 1.08V, and PGOOD OFF thresholds are active at 0.90V more details of this feature as well as for guidelines on how and 1.10V respectively. to select the right value of external R-C to tune the module for best transient performance and stable operation for The PGOOD terminal can be connected through a pull-up other output capacitance values. resistor (suggested value 100K) to a source of 5VDC or lower. Table 2. General recommended values of of R and TUNE Dual Layout C for Vin=12V and various external ceramic capacitor TUNE combination Identical dimensions and pin layout of Analog and Digital C 6x 8x 10x 12x 20x MegaDLynx modules permit migration from one to the other O 47µF 47µF 47µF 47µF 47µF without needing to change the layout. In both cases the trim R 330Ω 330Ω 330Ω 330Ω 200Ω TUNE resistor is connected between trim and signal ground. C 330pF 820pF 1200pF 1500pF 3300pF TUNE TM Tunable Loop The module has a feature that optimizes transient response Table 3. Recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE to obtain TM of the module called Tunable Loop . transient deviation of 2% of Vout for a 20A step load with Vin=12V. External capacitors are usually added to the output of the VO 1.8V 1.2V 0.6V module for two reasons: to reduce output ripple and noise 4x47uF + 4x47uF + 4x47uF + and to reduce output voltage deviations from the steady- 6x330µF 11x330µF 12x680µF CO state value in the presence of dynamic load current polymer polymer polymer changes. Adding external capacitance however affects the R 220 Ω 200 Ω 180 Ω TUNE voltage control loop of the module, typically causing the C 5600pF 12nF 47nF TUNE loop to slow down with sluggish response. Larger values of ∆V 34mV 22mV 12mV external capacitance could also cause the module to become unstable. Note: The capacitors used in the Tunable Loop tables are TM 47 μF/3 mΩ ESR ceramic, 330 μF/12 mΩ ESR polymer The Tunable Loop allows the user to externally adjust the capacitor and 680μF/12 mΩ polymer capacitor. voltage control loop to match the filter network connected TM to the output of the module. The Tunable Loop is Thermal Considerations implemented by connecting a series R-C between the VS+ and TRIM pins of the module, as shown in Fig. 28. This R-C Power modules operate in a variety of thermal allows the user to externally adjust the voltage loop environments; however, sufficient cooling should always be feedback compensation of the module. provided to help ensure reliable operation. VOUT Considerations include ambient temperature, airflow, VS+ module power dissipation, and the need for increased RTune reliability. A reduction in the operating temperature of the CO MODULE module will result in an increase in reliability. The thermal CTune data presented here is based on physical measurements TRIM taken in a wind tunnel. The test set-up is shown in Figure RTrim 29. The preferred airflow direction for the module is in SIG_GND Figure 30. GND Figure. 28. Circuit diagram showing connection of R TUME and CTUNE to tune the control loop of the module. Recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE for different output capacitor combinations are given in Table 2. Table 2 shows September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 14 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Please refer to the Application Note “Thermal Characterization Process For Open-Frame Board-Mounted 25.4_ Wind Tunnel (1.0) Power Modules” for a detailed discussion of thermal aspects including maximum device temperatures. PWBs Power Module 76.2_ (3.0) x Probe Location for measuring 12.7_ airflow and (0.50) ambient temperature Air flow Figure 29. Thermal Test Setup. The thermal reference points, T used in the specifications ref are also shown in Figure 30. For reliable operation the temperatures at these points should not exceed 130°C. The output power of the module should not exceed the rated Figure 30. Preferred airflow direction and location of hot- power of the module (Vo,set x Io,max). spot of the module (Tref). September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 15 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Example Application Circuit Requirements: Vin: 12V Vout: 1.8V Iout: 30A max., worst case load transient is from 20A to 30A Vout: 1.5% of Vout (27mV) for worst case load transient Vin, ripple 1.5% of Vin (180mV, p-p) Vin+ Vout+ VIN VOUT VS+ PGOOD RTUNE MODULE SEQ CTUNE SHARE TRIM CI3 CI2 CI1 CO3 CO1 CO2 RTrim ON/OFF SIG_GND GND VS- SYNC GND CI1 Decoupling cap - 1x0.01F/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata LLL185R71E103MA01) CI2 3x22F/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata GRM32ER61C226KE20) CI3 470F/16V bulk electrolytic CO1 Decoupling cap - 1x0.01F/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata LLL185R71E103MA01) CO2 4 x 47µF/6.3V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata GRM31CR60J476ME19) CO3 6 X330µF/6.3V Polymer (e.g. Sanyo Poscap) CTune 5600pF ceramic capacitor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size) RTune 220 ohms SMT resistor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size) RTrim 10k SMT resistor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size, recommended tolerance of 0.1%) September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 16 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Mechanical Outline Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches). Tolerances: x.x mm  0.5 mm (x.xx in.  0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated] x.xx mm  0.25 mm (x.xxx in  0.010 in.) SIDE VIEW 3 7 6 9 4 5 14 13 12 BOTTOM VIEW 15 11 10 8 1 2 16 17 18 19 FUNCTION PIN FUNCTION 1 ON/OFF 11 SIG_GND 2 VIN 12 VS- 3 SEQ 13 NC 4 GND 14 NC 5 VOUT 15 SYNC 6 TRIM 16 PG 7 VS+ 17 NC 8 GND 18 NC 9 SHARE 19 NC 10 GND September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 17 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Recommended Pad Layout Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches). Tolerances: x.x mm  0.5 mm (x.xx in.  0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated] x.xx mm  0.25 mm (x.xxx in  0.010 in.) NC NC NC NC NC PIN FUNCTION PIN FUNCTION 1 ON/OFF 11 SIG_GND 2 VIN 12 VS- 3 SEQ 13 NC 4 GND 14 NC 5 VOUT 15 SYNC 6 TRIM 16 PG 7 VS+ 17 NC 8 GND 18 NC 9 SHARE 19 NC 10 GND September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 18 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Packaging Details TM The 12V Analog MegaDLynx 40A modules are supplied in tape & reel as standard. Modules are shipped in quantities of 140 modules per reel. All Dimensions are in millimeters and (in inches). Reel Dimensions: Outside Dimensions: 330.2 mm (13.00) Inside Dimensions: 177.8 mm (7.00”) Tape Width: 56.00 mm (2.205”) September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 19 GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current not be broken until time of use. Once the original package is Surface Mount Information broken, the floor life of the product at conditions of  30°C and 60% relative humidity varies according to the MSL rating Pick and Place (see J-STD-033A). The shelf life for dry packed SMT packages TM will be a minimum of 12 months from the bag seal date, The 40A Analog MegaDLynx modules use an open frame when stored at the following conditions: < 40° C, < 90% construction and are designed for a fully automated relative humidity. assembly process. The modules are fitted with a label designed to provide a large surface area for pick and place 300 Per J-STD-020 Rev. C operations. The label meets all the requirements for surface Peak Temp 260°C mount processing, as well as safety standards, and is able to 250 o withstand reflow temperatures of up to 300 C. The label also Cooling 200 carries product information such as product code, serial Zone * Min. Time Above 235°C number and the location of manufacture. 15 Seconds 150 Heating Zone *Time Above 217°C Nozzle Recommendations 1°C/Second 60 Seconds 100 The module weight has been kept to a minimum by using open frame construction. Variables such as nozzle size, tip 50 style, vacuum pressure and placement speed should be considered to optimize this process. The minimum 0 Reflow Time (Seconds) recommended inside nozzle diameter for reliable operation is 3mm. The maximum nozzle outer diameter, which will safely Figure 31. Recommended linear reflow profile using fit within the allowable component spacing, is 7 mm. Sn/Ag/Cu solder. Bottom Side / First Side Assembly Post Solder Cleaning and Drying Considerations This module is not recommended for assembly on the bottom Post solder cleaning is usually the final circuit-board side of a customer board. If such an assembly is attempted, assembly process prior to electrical board testing. The result components may fall off the module during the second reflow of inadequate cleaning and drying can affect both the process. reliability of a power module and the testability of the Lead Free Soldering finished circuit-board assembly. For guidance on appropriate soldering, cleaning and drying procedures, refer The modules are lead-free (Pb-free) and RoHS compliant and to Board Mounted Power Modules: Soldering and Cleaning fully compatible in a Pb-free soldering process. Failure to Application Note (AN04-001). observe the instructions below may result in the failure of or cause damage to the modules and can adversely affect long- term reliability. Pb-free Reflow Profile Power Systems will comply with J-STD-020 Rev. C (Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices) for both Pb-free solder profiles and MSL classification procedures. This standard provides a recommended forced-air-convection reflow profile based on the volume and thickness of the package (table 4- 2). The suggested Pb-free solder paste is Sn/Ag/Cu (SAC). The recommended linear reflow profile using Sn/Ag/Cu solder is shown in Fig. 31. Soldering outside of the recommended profile requires testing to verify results and performance. MSL Rating TM The 40A Analog MegaDLynx modules have a MSL rating of 2a. Storage and Handling The recommended storage environment and handling procedures for moisture-sensitive surface mount packages is detailed in J-STD-033 Rev. A (Handling, Packing, Shipping and Use of Moisture/Reflow Sensitive Surface Mount Devices). Moisture barrier bags (MBB) with desiccant are required for MSL ratings of 2 or greater. These sealed packages should September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All rights reserved. Page 20 Reflow Temp (°C) GE Data Sheet TM 40A Analog MegaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14.4Vdc input; 0.6Vdc to 2.0Vdc output; 40A Output Current Ordering Information Please contact your GE Sales Representative for pricing, availability and optional features. Table 4. Device Codes Input Output Output On/Off Device Code Sequencing Comcodes Voltage Range Voltage Current Logic MVT040A0X3-SRPHZ 4.5 – 14.4Vdc 0.6 – 2.0Vdc 40A Negative Yes CC109159785 MVT040A0X43-SRPHZ 4.5 – 14.4Vdc 0.6 – 2.0Vdc 40A Positive Yes CC109159793 MVT040A0X3-SRPHDZ 4.5 – 14.4Vdc 0.6 – 2.0Vdc 40A Negative Yes CC150022588 -Z refers to RoHS compliant parts Table 5. Coding Scheme ROHS Remote Package Input voltage Output Output On/Off Family Options Compli Sense Identifier range current voltage logic ance 3 -D Z M V T 040A0 X 4 -SR -P -H D = Z = P=Pico D=Dlynx T=with 40A X = 4 = 3 = S = Paralleling 2 Extra 105°C ROHS6 Digital EZ_Sequence progra positive Remote Surface Ground operating U=Micro m-able Sense Mount Pins ambient, V=DLynx X=without output No entry 40G M=Mega Analog. sequencing = operating negative R = shock as G=Giga Tape & per MIL Reel Std 810F GE Energy Digital Non-Isolated DC-DC products use technology licensed from Power-One, protected by US patents: US20040246754, US2004090219A1, US2004093533A1, US2004123164A1, US2004123167A1, US2004178780A1, US2004179382A1, US20050200344, US20050223252, US2005289373A1, US20060061214, US2006015616A1, US20060174145, US20070226526, US20070234095, US20070240000, US20080052551, US20080072080, US20080186006, US6741099, US6788036, US6936999, US6949916, US7000125, US7049798, US7068021, US7080265, US7249267, US7266709, US7315156, US7372682, US7373527, US7394445, US7456617, US7459892, US7493504, US7526660. Outside the US the Power-One licensed technology is protected by patents: AU3287379AA, AU3287437AA, AU3290643AA, AU3291357AA, CN10371856C, CN1045261OC, CN10458656C, CN10459360C, CN10465848C, CN11069332A, CN11124619A, CN11346682A, CN1685299A, CN1685459A, CN1685582A, CN1685583A, CN1698023A, CN1802619A, EP1561156A1, EP1561268A2, EP1576710A1, EP1576711A1, EP1604254A4, EP1604264A4, EP1714369A2, EP1745536A4, EP1769382A4, EP1899789A2, EP1984801A2, W004044718A1, W004045042A3, W004045042C1, W004062061 A1, W004062062A1, W004070780A3, W004084390A3, W004084391A3, W005079227A3, W005081771A3, W006019569A3, W02007001584A3, W02007094935A3 Contact Us For more information, call us at USA/Canada: +1 877 546 3243, or +1 972 244 9288 Asia-Pacific: +86.021.54279977*808 Europe, Middle-East and Africa: +49.89.878067-280 www.gecriticalpower.com GE Critical Power reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice, and no liability is assumed as a result of their use or application. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such product(s) or information. September 7, 2017 ©2012 General Electric Company. All International rights reserved. Version 1.10