Data Sheet March 7, 2012 NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules 4.5Vdc –14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output;10A Output Current Features  Compliant to RoHS EU Directive 2002/95/EC (Z versions)  Compatible in a Pb-free or SnPb wave-soldering environment (Z versions)  Wide Input voltage range (4.5Vdc-14Vdc)  Output voltage programmable from 0.59 Vdc to 6Vdc via external resistor TM  Tunable Loop to optimize dynamic output voltage response  Fixed switching frequency RoHS Compliant  Output over current protection (non-latching)  Over temperature protection Applications  Remote On/Off  Distributed power architectures  Small size: 10.4 mm x 16.5 mm x 8.4 mm  Intermediate bus voltage applications (0.41 in x 0.65 in x 0.33 in)  Telecommunications equipment  Wide operating temperature range (-40°C to 85°C)  Servers and storage applications †  UL* 60950-1Recognized, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1- ‡ 03 Certified, and VDE 0805:2001-12 (EN60950-1)  Networking equipment Licensed  Industrial applications  ISO** 9001 and ISO 14001 certified manufacturing facilities Description The NQR010A0X4 SIP power modules are non-isolated dc-dc converters in an industry standard package that can deliver up to 10A of output current with a full load efficiency of 94% at 5Vdc output voltage (VIN = 12Vdc). These modules operate over a wide range of input voltage (V = 4.5Vdc-14Vdc) and provide a precisely regulated output IN voltage from 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc, programmable via an external resistor. Features include remote On/Off, adjustable TM output voltage, over current and over temperature protection. A new feature, the Tunable Loop , allows the user to optimize the dynamic response of the converter to match the load. * UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. † CSA is a registered trademark of Canadian Standards Association. ‡ VDE is a trademark of Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V. ** ISO is a registered trademark of the International Organization of Standards Document No: DS09-011 ver. 1.7 PDF name: NQR010A0X_ds.pdf Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are absolute stress ratings only, functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operations sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect the device reliability. Parameter Device Symbol Min Max Unit Input Voltage All V -0.3 15 Vdc IN Continuous Operating Ambient Temperature All T -40 85 °C A (see Thermal Considerations section) Storage Temperature All T -55 125 °C stg Electrical Specifications Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Operating Input Voltage All V 4.5 12 14 Vdc IN Maximum Input Current All I 10 Adc IN,max (V =4.5V to 14V, I =I) IN O O, max Input No Load Current (V = 12Vdc, I = 0, module ON) V = 0.6 Vdc I 29 mA IN O O,set IN,No load (V = 12Vdc, I = 0, module ON) V = 5.0Vdc I 58 mA IN O O,set IN,No load Input Stand-by Current All I 1.505 mA IN,stand-by (V = 12Vdc, module disabled) IN 2 2 Inrush Transient All It 1 A s Input Reflected Ripple Current, peak-to-peak (5Hz to 20MHz, 1μH source impedance; V =0 to All 34 mAp-p IN 14V I = I ; See Test Configurations) , O Omax Input Ripple Rejection (120Hz) All 58 dB LINEAGE POWER 2 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Output Voltage Set-point (with 0.5% tolerance All V -1.5 +1.5 % V O, set O, set for external resistor used to set output voltage) Output Voltage All V -3.0 +3.0 % V O, set ⎯ O, set (Over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions until end of life) Adjustment Range All V 0.59 6 Vdc O Selected by an external resistor Output Regulation (for V ≥ 2.5Vdc) o Line (V =V to V) All -0.2 ⎯ +0.2 % V IN IN, min IN, max O, set Load (I =I to I) All ⎯ 0.8 % V O O, min O, max O, set Output Regulation (for V<2.5Vdc) o Line (V =V to V) All -5 +5 mV IN IN, min IN, max ⎯ Load (I =I to I) All 20 mV O O, min O, max ⎯ Output Ripple and Noise on nominal output (V =V and I =I to I Cout = 10μF) IN IN, nom O O, min O, max Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 0.59Vdc 17 mV O pk-pk Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 1.2Vdc 22 mV O pk-pk Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 1.8Vdc 30 mV O pk-pk Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 2.5Vdc 34 mV O pk-pk Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 3.3Vdc 42 mV O pk-pk Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 5.0Vdc 50 mV O pk-pk Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) V = 6.0Vdc 53 mV O pk-pk 1 External Capacitance TM Without the Tunable Loop ESR ≥ 1 mΩ All C 10 ⎯ 200 μF O, max TM With the Tunable Loop ESR ≥ 0.15 mΩ All C 10 ⎯ 1000 μF O, max ESR ≥ 10 mΩ All CO, max 10 ⎯ 5000 μF Output Current All I 0 10 Adc o Output Current Limit Inception (Hiccup Mode ) All I 200 % I O, lim o,max Output Short-Circuit Current All I 0.65 Arms O, s/c (V≤250mV) ( Hiccup Mode ) O Efficiency (V = 6Vdc) V = 0.59Vdc η 73 % IN O,set V = 12Vdc, T=25°C V = 1.2Vdc η 82 % IN A O, set I =I V = V V = 1.8Vdc η 87 % O O, max , O O,set O,set V = 2.5Vdc η 90 % O,set V = 3.3Vdc η 92 % O,set V = 5.0Vdc η 94 % O,set V = 6.0Vdc η 95 % O,set Switching Frequency All f ⎯ 600 ⎯ kHz sw 1 External capacitors may require using the new Tunable Loop feature to ensure that the module is stable as well as TM getting the best transient response. See the Tunable Loop section for details. LINEAGE POWER 3 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Dynamic Load Response (dIo/dt=10A/μs; V = V ; V = 1.8V, T =25°C) IN IN, nom out A Load Change from Io= 0% to 50% of Io,max; Co = 10μF Peak Deviation All V 280 mV pk Settling Time (Vo<10% peak deviation) All t 40 s μs Load Change from Io= 50% to 0%of Io,max: Co = 10μF Peak Deviation All V 325 mV pk Settling Time (Vo<10% peak deviation) All t 40 s μs General Specifications Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Calculated MTBF (V =12V, V =5Vdc, I =0.8I , T =40°C) Per IN O O O, max A 6,925,356 Hours Telcordia Method Weight ⎯ 2.5 (0.088) ⎯ g (oz.) LINEAGE POWER 4 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Feature Specifications Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. See Feature Descriptions for additional information. Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit On/Off Signal interface (V =V to V ; Open collector or equivalent IN IN, min IN, max signal referenced to GND) Logic High (On/Off pin open - Module ON) Input High Current All IIH ― 0.5 mA Input High Voltage All VIH 1.0 ― V V IN, max Logic Low (Module Off) Input Low Current All IIL ― ― 200 μA Input Low Voltage All VIL -0.3 ― 0.4 V Turn-On Delay and Rise Times (I =I V = V V to within ±1% of steady state) O O, max , IN IN, nom, o Case 1: On/Off input is enabled and then input power is applied (delay from instant at which All Tdelay 3 msec V =V until Vo=10% of Vo,set) IN IN, min Case 2: Input power is applied for at least one second and then On/Off input is set enabled (delay from All Tdelay 3 msec instant at which On/Off is enabled until Vo=10% of Vo, set) Output voltage Rise time (time for Vo to rise from 10% All Trise 5 msec of Vo,set to 90% of Vo, set) Output voltage overshoot 1.5 % V O, set o I = I ; V = V to V , T = 25 C O O, max IN IN, min IN, max A Overtemperature Protection All T 145 ºC ref Input Undervoltage Lockout Turn-on Threshold All 4.25 Vdc Turn-off Threshold All 3.66 Vdc LINEAGE POWER 5 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 0.6Vout and at 25ºC. 11 85 10 80 9 75 8 70 7 1.5m/s 2m/s 65 (300LFM) Vin = 4.5V Vin = 6V Vin = 9V 6 (400LFM) 60 0.5m/s 5 1m/s (200LFM) (100LFM) NC 55 4 3 50 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 4 6 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C Figure 2. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 1. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 3. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 9V, Io = Figure 4. Transient Response to Dynamic Load Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =9V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 5. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = IN = Figure 6. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (V Io,max). 9V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (200mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (200mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves (continued) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 1.2Vout and at 25ºC. 11 90 10 Vin = 12V 9 85 Vin = 4.5V 8 7 80 1.5m/s 2m/s (300LFM) 6 (400LFM) 0.5m/s Vin = 14V 5 75 1m/s (200LFM) (100LFM) NC 4 3 70 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 4 6 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, T C O A Figure 8. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 7. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 9. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 12V, Io = Figure 10. Transient Response to Dynamic Load Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =12V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 11. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Figure 12. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = Io,max). 12V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 7 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves (continued) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 1.8Vout and at 25ºC. 11 95 10 90 9 Vin = 4.5V 8 85 7 1.5m/s Vin = 12V (300LFM) 2m/s 80 6 (400LFM) Vin = 14V 0.5m/s 1m/s (200LFM) 5 (100LFM) 75 NC 4 3 70 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 46 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C Figure 14. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 13. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 15. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 12V, Io Figure 16. Transient Response to Dynamic Load = Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =12V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 17. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = IN = Figure 18. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (V Io,max). 12V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 8 VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (500mV/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves (continued) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 2.5Vout and at 25ºC. 11 100 10 95 9 90 8 7 85 1.5m/s Vin = 4.5V Vin = 12V Vin = 14V (300LFM) 2m/s 6 80 (400LFM) 0.5m/s 5 1m/s (100LFM) (200LFM) 75 4 NC 70 3 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 4 6 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, T C O A Figure 20. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 19. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 21. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 12V, Io Figure 22. Transient Response to Dynamic Load = Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =12V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 23. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Figure 24. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = Io,max). 12V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 9 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (1V/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (1V/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves (continued) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 3.3Vout and at 25ºC. 11 100 10 95 9 90 8 7 85 1.5m/s (300LFM) Vin = 4.5V Vin = 12V Vin = 14V 2m/s 6 80 (400LFM) 0.5m/s 5 1m/s (100LFM) (200LFM) 75 4 NC 3 70 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 46 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA C Figure 26. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 25. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 27. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 12V, Io Figure 28. Transient Response to Dynamic Load = Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =12V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 29. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = IN = Figure 30. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (V Io,max). 12V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 10 VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (1V/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (1V/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves (continued) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 5Vout and at 25ºC. 11 100 10 95 9 90 8 Vin = 6.5V Vin = 12V Vin = 14V 7 85 1.5m/s (300LFM) 2m/s 6 80 (400LFM) 0.5m/s 5 1m/s (100LFM) (200LFM) NC 75 4 3 70 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 46 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, T C O A Figure 32. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 31. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 33. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 12V, Io Figure 34. Transient Response to Dynamic Load = Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =12V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 35. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Figure 36. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = Io,max). 12V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 11 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (2V/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (2V/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Characteristic Curves The following figures provide typical characteristics for the NQR010 module at 6Vout and at 25ºC. 11 100 10 95 9 90 8 Vin = 7.5V Vin = 12V Vin = 14V 7 85 1.5m/s 2m/s 6 (300LFM) 80 (400LFM) 5 1m/s (200LFM) 75 4 0.5m/s NC (100LFM) 3 70 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 02 4 6 8 10 O OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, T C O A Figure 38. Derating Output Current versus Ambient Figure 37. Converter Efficiency versus Output Current. Temperature and Airflow. TIME, t (1μs/div) TIME, t (100μs /div) Figure 39. Typical output ripple and noise (VIN = 12V, Io Figure 40. Transient Response to Dynamic Load = Io,max). Change from 0% to 50% to 0% with V =12V. IN TIME, t (2ms/div) TIME, t (2ms/div) Figure 41. Typical Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Figure 42. Typical Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = Io,max). 9V, Io = Io,max). LINEAGE POWER 12 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE V (V) (2V/div) V (V) (5V/div) EFFICIENCY, η (%) O ON/OFF V (V) (20mV/div) O OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE I (A) (5Adiv) V (V) (500mV/div) OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) O O V (V) (2V/div) V (V) (5V/div) O IN Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Test Configurations Design Considerations Input Filtering CURRENT PROBE TO OSCILLOSCOPE The NQR010A0X4 10A module should be connected L TEST to a low ac-impedance source. A highly inductive V (+) IN 1μH source can affect the stability of the module. An input capacitance must be placed directly adjacent to the input pin of the module, to minimize input ripple C IN C 1000μF S Electrolytic voltage and ensure module stability. 2x100μF E.S.R.<0.1Ω Tantalum To minimize input voltage ripple, low-ESR ceramic or @ 20°C 100kHz polymer capacitors are recommended at the input of the COM module. Figure 46 shows the input ripple voltage for various output voltages at 10A of load current with 1x22 NOTE: Measure input reflected ripple current with a simulated µF or 2x22 µF ceramic capacitors and an input of 12V. source inductance (L ) of 1μH. Capacitor C offsets TEST S possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. 300 Figure 43. Input Reflected Ripple Current Test 250 Setup. 200 COPPER STRIP 150 V (+) RESISTIVE 100 O LOAD 1x22uF 1uF . 10uF SCOPE 50 2x22uF COM 0 0.511.5 2 2.5 3 3.544.5 5 GROUND PLANE Output Voltage (Vdc) NOTE: All voltage measurements to be taken at the module terminals, as shown above. If sockets are used then Figure 46. Input ripple voltage for various output Kelvin connections are required at the module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to socket contact voltages with 1x22 µF or 2x22 µF ceramic resistance. capacitors at the input (10A load). Input voltage is Figure 44. Output Ripple and Noise Test Setup. 12V. R R R R distribution contact contact distribution Output Filtering VIN(+) VO The NQR010A0X4 10A modules are designed for low output ripple voltage and will meet the maximum output R LOAD V V IN O ripple specification with no external capacitors. However, additional output filtering may be required by the system designer for a number of reasons. First, R R R R distribution contact contact distribution COM there may be a need to further reduce the output ripple COM and noise of the module. Second, the dynamic response characteristics may need to be customized to NOTE: All voltage measurements to be taken at the module a particular load step change. terminals, as shown above. If sockets are used then Kelvin connections are required at the module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to socket contact resistance. To reduce the output ripple and improve the dynamic response to a step load change, additional capacitance Figure 45. Output Voltage and Efficiency Test Setup. at the output can be used. Low ESR ceramic and polymer are recommended to improve the dynamic V . I O O response of the module. Figure 47 provides output Efficiency = x 100 % η ripple information for different external capacitance V . I IN IN values at various Vo and for a load current of 10A. For stable operation of the module, limit the capacitance to less than the maximum output capacitance as specified in the electrical specification table. Optimal LINEAGE POWER 13 BATTERY Input Ripple Voltage (mVp-p) Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current performance of the module can be achieved by using Feature Descriptions TM the Tunable Loop feature described later in this data sheet. Remote On/Off 60 The NQR010A0X4 10A power modules feature an On/Off pin with positive logic for remote On/Off 50 operation. If the On/Off pin is not being used, leave the 1x10uF External Cap pin open (the module will be ON). The On/Off signal 1x47uF External Cap 40 (V ) is referenced to ground. During a Logic High on On/Off 2x47uF External Cap the On/Off pin, the module remains ON. During Logic- 4x47uF External Cap 30 Low, the module is turned OFF. 20 MODULE 10 VIN 0 10K 0.51 1.52 2.53 3.54 4.55 30.1K Output Voltage (Volts) R1 100K ENABLE Figure 47. Output ripple voltage for various output voltages with external 1x10 µF, 1x47 µF, 2x47 µF or 2.2K 2.2K ON/OFF 4x47 µF ceramic capacitors at the output (10A load). Input voltage is 12V. 47K 47K Safety Considerations GND For safety agency approval the power module must be Figure 48. Remote On/Off Implementation. installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standards, i.e., UL 60950-1 2nd Edition, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1- Overcurrent Protection 07, and VDE 0805-1+A11:2009-11 (DIN EN60950-1 2nd Edition) Licensed. To provide protection in a fault (output overload) condition, the unit is equipped with internal For the converter output to be considered meeting the current-limiting circuitry and can endure current limiting requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the continuously. At the point of current-limit inception, the input must meet SELV requirements. The power module unit enters hiccup mode. The unit operates normally has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are once the output current is brought back into its specified ELV. range. The average output current during hiccup is 10% A 15A quick acting input fuse for the module is I . O, max required. Overtemperature Protection To provide protection in a fault condition, these modules are equipped with a thermal shutdown circuit. The unit will shut down if the overtemperature threshold of 130ºC is exceeded at the thermal reference point T . The ref thermal shutdown is not intended as a guarantee that the unit will survive temperatures beyond its rating. Once the unit goes into thermal shutdown it will then wait to cool before attempting to restart. Input Undervoltage Lockout At input voltages below the input undervoltage lockout limit, the module operation is disabled. The module will begin to operate at an input voltage above the undervoltage lockout turn-on threshold. LINEAGE POWER 14 Ripple (mVp-p) Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Table 1 Feature Descriptions (continued) V (V) Rtrim (KΩ) O, set Output Voltage Programming 0.59 Open The output voltage of the NQR010A0X4 10A module 1.0 2.89 can be programmed to any voltage from 0.59dc to 6Vdc 1.2 1.941 by connecting a resistor between the Trim+ and GND pins of the module. Certain restrictions apply on the 1.5 1.3 output voltage set point depending on the input voltage. 1.8 0.978 These are shown in the Output Voltage vs. Input 2.5 0.619 Voltage Set Point Area plot in Fig. 49. The Upper Limit 3.3 0.436 curve shows that for output voltages of 0.9V and lower, 5.0 0.268 the input voltage must be lower than the maximum of 6.0 0.219 14V. The Lower Limit curve shows that for output voltages of 3.3V and higher, the input voltage needs to be larger than the minimum of 4.5V. By using a ±0.5% tolerance trim resistor with a TC of ±25ppm, a set point tolerance of ±1.5% can be achieved 16 as specified in the electrical specification. The POL 14 Programming Tool available at www.lineagepower.com 12 under the Design Tools section, helps determine the required trim resistor needed for a specific output 10 voltage. 8 6 Vout V (+) V (+) IN O 4 2 ON/OFF 0 LOAD 0.51 1.5 2 2.53 3.5 4 4.555.5 6 TRIM Output Voltage (V) R trim Figure 49. Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage Set GND Point Area plot showing limits where the output voltage can be set for different input voltages. Figure 50. Circuit configuration for programming Without an external resistor between Trim+ and GND output voltage using an external resistor. pins, the output of the module will be 0.59Vdc. To calculate the value of the trim resistor, Rtrim for a desired output voltage, use the following equation: Voltage Margining 1.182 Output voltage margining can be implemented in the Rtrim = kΩ () Vo − 0.591 NQR010A0X4 10A modules by connecting a resistor, R , from the Trim pin to the ground pin for margin-up Rtrim is the external resistor in kΩ margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, R , from the Trim pin to output pin for margin-down Vo is the desired output voltage margining-down. Figure 51 shows the circuit Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some configuration for output voltage margining. The POL common output voltages. Programming Tool, available at www.lineagepower.com under the Design Tools section, also calculates the values of R and R for a specific output margin-up margin-down voltage and % margin. Please consult your local Lineage Power Field Application Engineer or Account Manager for additional details. LINEAGE POWER 15 Input Voltage (v) Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current with an input voltage of 12V. Table 3 shows the Feature Descriptions (continued) recommended values of R and C for different TUNE TUNE values of ceramic output capacitors up to 1000uF, again Vo for an input voltage of 12V. The value of R should TUNE Rmargin-down never be lower than the values shown in Tables 2 and 3. Please contact your Lineage Power technical representative to obtain more details of this feature as MODULE well as for guidelines on how to select the right value of Q2 external R-C to tune the module for best transient performance and stable operation for other output Trim capacitance values. Rmargin-up VOUT Rtrim RTUNE Q1 GND MODULE CTUNE Figure 51. Circuit Configuration for margining TRIM Output voltage. RTrim GND Monotonic Start-up and Shutdown The NQR010A0X4 10A modules have monotonic start- Figure. 52. Circuit diagram showing connection of up and shutdown behavior for any combination of rated R and C to tune the control loop of the TUME TUNE input voltage, output current and operating temperature module. range. TM Tunable Loop Table 2. Recommended values of R and C to TUNE TUNE obtain transient deviation of 2% of Vout for a 5A The NQR010A0X4 10A modules have a new feature step load with Vin=12V. that optimizes transient response of the module called TM Tunable Loop . External capacitors are usually added Vout 5V 3.3V 2.5V 1.8V 1.2V 0.6V to improve output voltage transient response due to 330μF 330μF 2x330μF 3x330μF 9x330μF Cext 4x47μF load current changes. Sensitive loads may also require Polymer Polymer Polymer Polymer Polymer additional output capacitance to reduce output ripple R TUNE 47 47 47 47 47 30 and noise. Adding external capacitance however C TUNE affects the voltage control loop of the module, typically 39nF 100nF 100nF 220nF 220nF 330nF causing the loop to slow down with sluggish response. ΔV 76mV 39mV 39mV 25mV 22mV 12mV Larger values of external capacitance could also cause the module to become unstable. Table 3. General recommended values of of R TUNE and C for Vin=12V and various external ceramic TUNE To use the additional external capacitors in an optimal capacitor combinations. TM manner, the Tunable Loop feature allows the loop to be tuned externally by connecting a series R-C between the VOUT and TRIM pins of the module, as shown in Cext 1x47μF 2x47μF 4x47μF 6x47μF 10x47μF 20x47μF Fig. 52. This R-C allows the user to externally adjust R TUNE 100 75 47 47 47 47 the voltage loop feedback compensation of the module C 12nF 22nF 39nF 56n 68nF 100nF TUNE to match the filter network connected to the output of the module. Recommended values of R and C are given in TUNE TUNE Tables 2 and 3. Table 2 lists recommended values of R and C in order to meet 2% output voltage TUNE TUNE deviation limits for some common output voltages in the presence of a 5A to 10A step change (50% of full load), LINEAGE POWER 16 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Thermal Considerations Power modules operate in a variety of thermal environments; however, sufficient cooling should be provided to help ensure reliable operation. Considerations include ambient temperature, airflow, module power dissipation, and the need for increased reliability. A reduction in the operating temperature of the module will result in an increase in reliability. The thermal data presented here is based on physical measurements taken in a wind tunnel. The test set-up is shown in Figure 53. The preferred airflow direction for the module is in Figure 54. Figure 54. T Temperature measurement location. ref Post solder Cleaning and Drying 50.8 Wind Tunnel [2.00] Considerations Post solder cleaning is usually the final circuit-board PWBs Power Module assembly process prior to electrical board testing. The result of inadequate cleaning and drying can affect both the reliability of a power module and the testability of the finished circuit-board assembly. For guidance on appropriate soldering, cleaning and drying procedures, refer to Board Mounted Power Modules: Soldering and Cleaning Application Note. Probe Location 76.2 [3.0] for measuring airflow and Through-Hole Lead-Free Soldering ambient 7.24 temperature Information [0.285] These RoHS-compliant through-hole products use the SAC (Sn/Ag/Cu) Pb-free solder and RoHS-compliant components. They are designed to be processed through single or dual wave soldering machines. The Air pins have an RoHS-compliant finish that is compatible Flow with both Pb and Pb-free wave soldering processes. A maximum preheat rate of 3°C/s is suggested. The wave Figure 53. Thermal Test Set-up. preheat process should be such that the temperature of the power module board is kept below 210°C. For Pb solder, the recommended pot temperature is 260°C, The thermal reference point, T used in the ref while the Pb-free solder pot is 270°C max. Not all specifications of thermal derating curves is shown in RoHS-compliant through-hole products can be Figure 54. For reliable operation this temperature processed with paste-through-hole Pb or Pb-free reflow o should not exceed 125 C. process. If additional information is needed, please The output power of the module should not exceed the consult with your Lineage Power representative for rated power of the module (Vo,set x Io,max). more details. Please refer to the Application Note “Thermal Characterization Process For Open-Frame Board- Mounted Power Modules” for a detailed discussion of thermal aspects including maximum device temperatures. LINEAGE POWER 17 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Mechanical Outline Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches). Tolerances: x.x mm ± 0.5 mm (x.xx in. ± 0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated] x.xx mm ± 0.25 mm (x.xxx in ± 0.010 in.) Rear View Side View Pin out Pin Function 1 On/Off 2 V IN 3 GND 4 V out 5 Trim+ LINEAGE POWER 18 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Recommended Pad Layout Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches). Tolerances: x.x mm ± 0.5 mm (x.xx in. ± 0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated] x.xx mm ± 0.25 mm (x.xxx in ± 0.010 in.) LINEAGE POWER 19 Data Sheet NQR010A0X4: Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules March 7, 2012 4.5 – 14Vdc input; 0.59Vdc to 6Vdc Output; 10A output current Ordering Information Please contact your Lineage Power Sales Representative for pricing, availability and optional features. Table 4. Device Codes Input Output Output On/Off Connector Device Code Comcodes Voltage Range Voltage Current Logic Type NQR010A0X4Z 4.5 – 14Vdc 0.59 – 6Vdc 10A Positive SIP CC109153012 NQR010A0X54Z 4.5 – 14Vdc 0.59 – 6Vdc 10A Positive SIP CC109160090 X4 refers to pin length of 3.29mm X54 refers to pin length of 5.08mm Z refers to RoHS-compliant versions Asia-Pacific Headquarters Tel: +86.021.54279977*808 Europe, Middle-East and Africa Headquarters World Wide Headquarters Tel: +49.89.878067-280 Lineage Power Corporation 601 Shiloh Road, Plano, TX 75074, USA +1-888-LINEAGE(546-3243) (Outside U.S.A.: +1-972-244-WATT(9288)) India Headquarters www.lineagepower.com Tel: +91.80.28411633 e-mail: techsupport1@lineagepower.com Lineage Power reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of their use or application. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such product(s) or information. Lineage Power DC-DC products are protected under various patents. Information on these patents is available at www.lineagepower.com/patents. © 2011 Lineage Power Corporation, (Plano, Texas) All International Rights Reserved. LINEAGE POWER 20 Document No: DS009-011 ver. 1.7 PDF name: NQR010A0X_ds.pdf